Coronaviruses are a type of virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family, characterized by their crown-like structure seen under an electron microscope. Coronaviruses can infect a variety of animals, including humans, and are known to cause respiratory illnesses ranging from mild colds to severe diseases. Among the most well-known coronaviruses are SARS-CoV (the causative agent of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), MERS-CoV (the causative agent of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), and SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.